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J. Health Sci. Inst ; 24(4)out.-dez. 2006. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-683472

ABSTRACT

Descreve-se um caso de encefalomielite disseminada aguda (ADEM), que é uma doença auto-imune, desmielinizante aguda do sistema nervoso central. O caso apresentado é de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 2 anos de idade, que após um quadro de infecção respiratória evoluiu com atraso do desenvolvimento neurológico, hipotonia de tronco, déficit no controle cervical, hiperreflexia bilateral patelar e de aquileu, hipertonia grau 1 bilateral de bíceps e tríceps braquial, além de tibial anterior. Foi realizada por três meses fisioterapia motora para reduzir o atraso do desenvolvimento neurológico. Após os três meses de tratamento fisioterapêutico, a paciente continuou a apresentar as observações acima e, notou-se melhora na sustentação da cabeça principalmente em decúbito ventral, melhora no controle de tronco, manteve-se na posição sentada com reação de proteção anterior, adotou o rolar para ambos os lados sem ajuda do fisioterapeuta. Sendo assim, pode-se concluir que o estudo de um único caso não foi suficiente para comprovar a eficácia da fisioterapia, o que demonstra a necessidade de estudos mais completos, mas foi importante para sugerir que a abordagem fisioterapêutica pode ser útil no tratamento de pacientes com encefalomielite disseminada aguda (ADEM).


We are reporting a case of an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), which is an autoimmune uncommon inflammatory disease that destroys severely the myelin of the central nervous system. The case we are going to present is of a two years old, female patient that after a picture of a respiratory infection she had a delay on her neurological development, hipotomy ofher trunk, deficit control of her cervical, a deep bilateral reflex of the patellar and of the aquileu, high tonus degree one of the bilateral biceps and triceps bronchial and of the previous tibia. For three month she was under motor physiotherapy to reduce delay of the neurological development. After three months of treatment the patient continued to present a delay in the neurological development and it was noticed that she was able to sustain her head a little better even when she was laying on her stomach, she could control her trunk better when she was seated, she was able to stay seated with the reaction of previous protection, and last but not least she could roll from one side to the other without the help of a physiotherapist. Thus we can conclude that the study of one case is not enough to prove the physiotherapy efficiency, there is the need of more complete studies. We can also say that this case was important to show the need of physiotherapy in the treatment of patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM).


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated , Exercise Therapy , Neurologic Manifestations , Child Development , Physical Therapy Modalities
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